What term is used for vomiting blood?

The term used for vomiting blood is "hematemesis." This condition indicates the presence of blood in the vomit, which can be a sign of various underlying health issues, such as gastrointestinal bleeding or serious conditions involving the stomach or esophagus. The blood can appear bright red or have a coffee grounds appearance, depending on the source and duration of the bleeding.

Evaluating the other choices:

• "Hemorrhage" refers to a general loss of blood, either internally or externally, and does not specifically pertain to vomiting.

• "Hematoma" describes a localized collection of blood outside of blood vessels, usually due to trauma, and is not related to vomiting.

• "Hepatomegaly" is a medical term for an enlarged liver and does not have any connection to vomiting blood.

In summary, hematemesis specifically defines the act of vomiting blood and relates directly to the gastrointestinal system, differentiating it clearly from other medical terms that deal with blood loss or organ conditions.