What is defined as an infection contracted in the hospital?

A nosocomial infection is defined as an infection that is acquired in a hospital setting. These types of infections are often the result of the complex interactions between the patient, the healthcare environment, and the microorganisms that are present in that environment. Nosocomial infections can occur due to various factors, including surgeries, the use of invasive devices, or a compromised immune system of patients.

The term "nosocomial" specifically refers to the context in which the infection was acquired, distinguishing it from infections contracted outside of a healthcare setting. Recognizing nosocomial infections is crucial for infection control measures, as they can significantly impact the patient’s recovery, prolong hospital stays, and increase healthcare costs.

In contrast, other types of infections mentioned do not fit this definition: viral infections can occur both inside and outside of a healthcare setting; community-acquired infections are those contracted outside of healthcare facilities; and chronic infections refer to long-term infections that may not necessarily be hospital-related. Understanding this terminology is essential for medical professionals in managing patient care and implementing appropriate infection control practices.